Goal 11: Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Urban expansion is growing rapidly, with the United Nations projecting that by 2050, 68% of the world’s population will live in urban areas. Cities are important sources of employment and have infrastructure, transportation, and social welfare systems that support development. Quality urban development with good environment, safety, and environmental conservation is therefore essential. Urban development must consider vulnerable groups such as people with disabilities, the elderly, pregnant women, and low-income individuals to enable them to live in cities with quality and equal access to basic services. Urban development that is suitable for habitation, inclusive, and safe shows positive trends. Reducing the number of low-income households in slums and reducing crime rates improves public safety, with the number of people affected by disasters decreasing. Waste management that is recycled and properly disposed of has increased. Land use efficiency in cities has improved, with population growth rates lower than land use. Limitations in accessing public transportation systems remain a problem, as populations in central urban areas cannot access them conveniently. Only Bangkok has a higher proportion of population access than other areas. Cities in metropolitan areas such as Nonthaburi, Pathum Thani, and Samut Sakhon still have lower proportions of population access than the average. The proportion of public open space to urban area remains relatively low, especially green space. Bangkok has a low rate of green space and still faces air pollution problems from PM2.5 fine particulate matter found in increasing amounts. [1] Convenient access to public transportation systems means people living within 400 meters of bus stations, songthaews, and boat stations, or living within 500 meters of train stations, electric trains, and subway stations.
Target 11.1
Ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums by 2030
Target 11.2
Provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all, improving road safety, notably by expanding public transport, with special attention to the needs of those in vulnerable situations
women, children, persons with disabilities and older persons by 2030
Target 11.3
Enhance inclusive and sustainable urbanization and capacity for participatory, integrated and sustainable human settlement planning and management in all countries by 2030
Target 11.4
Strengthen efforts to protect and safeguard the world’s cultural and natural heritage
Target 11.5
Significantly reduce the number of deaths and the number of people affected and substantially decrease the direct economic losses relative to global gross domestic product caused by disasters, including water-related disasters, with a focus on protecting the poor and people in vulnerable situations by 2030
Target 11.6
Reduce the adverse per capita environmental impact of cities, including by paying special attention to air quality and municipal and other waste management by 2030
Target 11.7
Provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons with disabilities by 2030
Target 11.A
Support positive economic, social and environmental links between urban, peri-urban and rural areas by strengthening national and regional development planning
Target 11.B
By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, mitigation and adaptation to climate change, resilience to disasters, and develop and implement, in line with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, holistic disaster risk management at all levels
Target 11.C
Support least developed countries, including through financial and technical assistance, in building sustainable and resilient buildings utilizing local materials
